Corneal transplantation, also known as keratoplasty, is a surgical procedure to replace a damaged or diseased cornea with a healthy donor cornea. The cornea is the transparent, dome-shaped outermost layer of the eye that plays a crucial role in focusing light. If it becomes clouded, scarred, or misshapen, vision can be significantly impaired.

When is Corneal Transplantation Needed?

A corneal transplant is recommended for patients with:

• Keratoconus – A condition where the cornea thins and bulges into a cone shape.

• Corneal Scarring – Due to infections, injuries, or previous surgeries.

• Fuchs’ Dystrophy – A genetic disorder causing corneal swelling and clouding.

• Corneal Ulcers – Severe infections leading to tissue damage.

• Corneal Edema – Swelling that causes vision impairment.

• Rejection of a Previous Transplant – Some patients may require a second transplant if the first one fails.

Types of Corneal Transplantation

Depending on the severity of the condition, different types of corneal transplants can be performed:

• Penetrating Keratoplasty (PKP) – A full-thickness corneal transplant where the entire cornea is replaced.

• Deep Anterior Lamellar Keratoplasty (DALK) – Only the outer layers of the cornea are replaced, preserving the inner layer.

• Endothelial Keratoplasty (DMEK/DSAEK) – A partial-thickness transplant that replaces only the damaged inner layer of the cornea.

Procedure Overview

1. Pre-Surgery Preparation – A thorough eye examination is performed to determine the best type of transplant.

2. Cornea Removal & Replacement – The affected corneal tissue is carefully removed and replaced with a donor cornea.

3. Stitching & Healing – Tiny sutures or self-healing techniques help secure the new cornea in place.

4. Recovery & Follow-Up – Healing takes a few weeks to months, with regular check-ups to monitor progress.

Post-Surgery Care

• Use prescribed eye drops to prevent infection and rejection.

• Avoid rubbing or pressing on the operated eye.

• Wear protective glasses to prevent injury.

• Follow-up visits are essential to ensure proper healing and vision improvement.

At Yashoda Nethralaya, we specialize in advanced corneal transplantation techniques with expert ophthalmic surgeons ensuring the best outcomes. If you’re experiencing corneal-related vision issues, schedule a consultation today for expert care!